• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention relates to a method for fertilizing a soil, comprising of placing a strip of manure on or in the soil and covering the manure strip with material present on the soil surface next to the manure strip. The present invention also relates to an implement for introducing manure into or onto the bottom, comprising a frame to be moved along the bottom surface; an outflow opening of a manure dosing device arranged on the frame for placing a strip of manure on or into the ground when the frame is moved in a working direction; and a covering member positioned behind the outflow opening, viewed in the working direction, which is adapted to displace material present on the soil surface next to the fertilizer strip in the direction of the fertilizer strip.
    公开号:BE1023587B1
    申请号:E2016/5833
    申请日:2016-11-07
    公开日:2017-05-10
    发明作者:Vree Johannes De
    申请人:Vredo Beheer B.V.；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Method and tool for introducing manure into the soil
    The present invention relates to a method for fertilizing a soil, in particular the soil of grassland and arable land.
    Farmers use manure to make crops grow better. A known method for fertilizing arable land or grassland is the spreading of manure or liquid manure over the soil surface. The disadvantage of spreading manure is that ammonia easily evaporates from the manure that has been spread. The evaporated ammonia leads to odor nuisance and causes damage to the environment.
    In a known method for fertilizing a soil with which a reduction of the volatilization of ammonia is possible relative to the spreading of manure, strips of manure are applied to the soil. Such a method is known as drag foot fertilization, wherein a so-called drag foot is pulled through material present on the bottom surface, such as grass, so that a strip of bottom surface is cleared, and a strip of manure is applied to the released bottom surface. In an alternative method, the strip of manure is not introduced into the soil, but into the soil by first forming manure slots in the soil and introducing the manure into the manure slots formed. Such a method is known as turf fertilization, in which a V-shaped manure slot is formed in the soil by means of knife wheels positioned in V-shape, into which manure is subsequently introduced. Another form of such a method is known as slot coulter fertilization, wherein a manure slot is formed in the soil by means of a coulter into which manure is subsequently introduced.
    Although the known methods whereby strips of manure are placed on or in the soil have enabled farmers to limit ammonia volatility compared to the spreading of manure, it remains important for farmers to strive for a further reduction of ammonia volatility when fertilizing arable land and grassland.
    The present invention has for its object, inter alia, to improve the method of introducing strips of manure into or onto the soil.
    To that end, the method according to the invention comprises, in addition to placing a strip of manure on or in the soil, covering the manure strip with material present on the ground surface next to the manure strip. By covering the manure strip arranged in or on the soil, a barrier is formed against the volatilization of ammonia from the manure, so that the volatilization of ammonia can be reduced.
    The material present on the soil surface next to the fertilizer strip with which the fertilizer strip is covered is preferably crop material present on the soil surface, more preferably rooted crop material, such as grass stubble, turf, and young grain. In addition, material present on the soil surface with which the fertilizer strip is covered can be, for example, loose soil.
    In a favorable embodiment of the method according to the invention, the manure strip is brought onto or into the soil via an outflow opening of a manure dosing device, which outflow opening is displaced along the ground surface in a working direction, the manure slot is covered with material present on the ground surface next to the manure strip. by means of a covering member which is positioned behind the outlet opening in the working direction of the outflow opening, and the outflow opening and the covering member are jointly moved along the bottom surface in the working direction. The manure strip can thus be introduced and covered in one run in and out of the soil. This has the advantage that the manure strip is covered immediately after application or introduction thereof and thus volatilization of ammonia is avoided immediately.
    In a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention, a manure slot is formed before the step of introducing the strip of manure into or on the soil, and the manure strip is formed by introducing manure into the manure slot.
    The manure slot is preferably formed in the soil. When forming a manure strip by forming a manure slot in the soil and introducing manure into this manure slot, the surface of the manure exposed to the air is at the level of the soil surface. The material that is present on the bottom surface next to the manure slot can then be moved relatively easily to the exposed surface by lateral displacement. The surface area of the manure that is exposed to the air is thereby limited to the surface area of the manure slot opening in the soil surface, so that the exposed surface area can be effectively covered with a relatively small amount of material. Thus, the step of covering the fertilizer strip with material present on the soil surface in addition to the fertilizer strip is particularly effective if the fertilizer strip is introduced into the soil by forming a manure slot in the soil and introducing manure into the manure slot. The step according to the invention of covering the manure strip with material present on the soil surface next to the manure strip is therefore particularly suitable in combination with the known methods in which the manure is introduced into manure slots, such as in the case of slurry fertilization and slotted coulter fertilization.
    However, also in combination with the known method of drag-and-drop fertilization, the additional step according to the invention of covering the manure strip with material present on the ground surface in addition to the manure strip. A slit slot is also formed for drag-foot fertilization. However, this manure slot is not formed in the soil, but in material present on the bottom surface, such that the bottom surface forms the bottom of the manure slot. The manure is then introduced into the manure slot on the bottom surface, so that a manure strip is formed on the bottom surface. After the manure strip has been formed, it can be covered with material present on the bottom surface in addition to the manure strip. In particular if the height of the fertilizer strip is lower than the material present on the soil surface next to the fertilizer strip, the fertilizer strip can be effectively covered by moving a part of the material protruding above the fertilizer strip sideways onto the fertilizer strip.
    In a favorable embodiment of the method according to the invention in which a manure slot is formed in the soil, the manure slot is formed by introducing a manure slot member into the soil and moving this manure slot member into the working direction along the bottom surface while it has been introduced into the soil, the manure is introduced into the manure slot via the outflow opening of the manure dosing device, the outflow opening being positioned behind the manure slot member in the working direction, and the manure slot member, the outflow opening, and the application member are jointly moved along the bottom surface in the working direction. The manure slot can thus be formed in one pass in the soil, introducing manure into the manure slot formed, and covering the manure slot after the manure has been introduced. This has the advantage that the manure slot is covered immediately after it has been formed and the manure introduced therein and hence volatilization is avoided immediately.
    In a favorable embodiment of the method according to the invention, the manure slit is formed by introducing a manure slit member into the soil and, while it has been introduced into the soil along the bottom surface, to move it in a working direction, the manure is introduced into the manure slit via a outflow opening of a manure dosing device, wherein the outflow opening is positioned behind the manure slot member in the working direction, and the manure slot member, the outflow opening, and the covering member are jointly moved along the bottom surface in the working direction. It is thus possible to form the manure slot in one pass, to introduce manure into the manure slot formed, and to cover the manure slot after the manure has been introduced. This has the advantage that the manure slit is covered immediately after it has been formed and the manure introduced therein, and leaching and volatilization are thus avoided immediately. Alternatively, the manure slit member is not introduced into the soil, but into the material present on the soil surface above the soil surface. In that case, when the manure slot member is moved along the bottom surface in the working direction while the manure slot member is inserted into material present on the bottom surface, a manure slot is formed in material present on the bottom surface, manure is introduced into the formed manure slot, and the manure is introduced after bringing it into the slot covered.
    In a favorable embodiment of the method according to the invention, crop material present on the soil surface next to the manure slot is raked over the manure strip in order to cover the manure strip. This crop material present next to the fertilizer strip is, for example, grass material in the form of grass stubble or sod, or other crop material such as young grain.
    By raking crop material present next to the fertilizer strip over the fertilizer strip, it has been found that the fertilizer strip can be effectively covered. Although particularly favorable with crop material, other material than crop material lying on the soil surface next to the fertilizer strip can also be raked over the fertilizer strip in order to cover the fertilizer strip, such as loose soil present on the soil surface.
    The present invention also relates to a tool for placing manure on or in the soil, with a frame to be moved along the bottom surface, an outflow opening of a manure dosing device arranged on the frame for placing a strip of manure on or in the soil when displaced of the frame in a working direction.
    The implement according to the invention is characterized by a covering member positioned behind the outflow opening, viewed in the working direction, adapted for moving material which is present on the bottom surface next to the fertilizer strip.
    The method according to the invention can be carried out by means of the tool according to the invention, wherein while moving the frame along the bottom surface in the working direction, the manure strip is brought onto or into the soil via the outflow opening of a manure dosing device, and the fertilizer strip is covered with material present on the bottom surface in addition to the fertilizer strip by means of the covering member.
    In a favorable embodiment of the tool according to the invention, it comprises a manure slot member positioned in the working direction in front of the outflow opening for forming a manure slot, the outflow opening being adapted to introduce manure into the manure slot, and the covering member is arranged for the direction moving the manure slot from material that is present on the bottom surface next to the manure slot.
    The manure slot member is preferably adapted to be introduced into the soil in order to form the manure slot in the soil. With this tool, when the tool is moved in the working direction while the manure slit member is brought into the soil, the favorable embodiment of the method according to the invention can be carried out, wherein a manure slit is formed in the soil, manure is introduced into this manure slit. to form a manure strip, and the manure strip is covered with material present on the bottom surface next to the manure slot. In a favorable embodiment of this tool according to the invention, the manure slot member comprises two knife wheels which are oriented in V-shape relative to each other and which can be brought into the ground with the tip of the V-shape, and a V-shaft when displaced along the bottom surface. forming a shaped manure slot in the bottom. In this embodiment, the tool according to the invention largely corresponds to a so-called turbo injector. Such a slurry injector gives a row of manure slot members positioned next to each other, wherein each member comprises two knife wheels which are oriented relative to each other in V-shape, which can be brought into the ground with the tip of the V-shape, and a displacement along the bottom surface. Form a V-shaped manure slot in the bottom. Viewed in the direction of movement behind the knife wheels, an outflow opening of a manure dosing device is positioned with which manure can be introduced into the V-shaped manure slot. A difference with the known sodden fertilizer is that viewed in the working direction behind the outflow opening, the covering member is positioned for moving material present on the soil surface next to the fertilizer strip towards the manure slit formed in the manure slot. The known turf injectors are thus positioned by means of an adjustment in the form of a covering member behind each of the outflow openings of the manure dosing device to be easily converted into a tool according to the invention and thus to be suitable for the method according to the invention.
    Although the tool according to the invention can be designed particularly advantageously on the basis of a known slurry injector, the tool can also be designed differently on the basis of other known slurry injectors, for example on the basis of a slit coulter slurry, wherein the slurry slit member to be introduced into the soil blade wheels in V-shaped formation, but a single slot forming knife, also referred to as coulter.
    In an alternative embodiment of the tool according to the invention which is provided with a manure slot member, the manure slot member is adapted to form the manure slot in the material present on the bottom surface, such that the bottom surface forms the bottom of the manure slot. With this tool, when the tool is displaced in the working direction while the manure slot member is inserted into the material present on the bottom surface, the favorable embodiment of the method according to the invention can be carried out, wherein the manure slot is formed in the material present on the bottom surface. such that the bottom surface forms the bottom of the manure slot, manure is introduced into this manure slot in order to form a manure strip on the bottom surface, and the manure strip is covered with material present on the bottom surface next to the manure slot. A known tool with such a manure slit member is a drag foot injector. In particular, a drag foot injector has a row of manure slot members positioned next to each other in the form of so-called drag feet. The difference with the known slit-foot fertilizers is that viewed in the working direction behind the outflow opening, the covering member is positioned for displacing material present on the soil surface next to the fertilizer strip in the direction of the manure slot formed in the manure slot. The known drag foot injectors are thus, by means of an adjustment in the form of a covering member, positioned behind each of the outflow openings of the manure dosing device to be easily converted into a tool according to the invention and thus to be suitable for the method according to the invention.
    In a favorable embodiment of the tool according to the invention, the manure slot member, the outflow opening and the covering member are arranged on the frame so that when the frame is moved along the bottom surface, the manure slot member, the outflow opening and the covering member are jointly moved along the bottom surface. It is thus possible to form the manure slot in one pass of the tool, to introduce manure into the manure slot formed so that a manure strip is formed, and to cover the manure strip. This has the advantage that the manure strip is covered immediately after its formation and hence volatilization is avoided immediately. The manure slot member, the outflow opening and the covering member can each be individually mounted on the frame, or for example be jointly attached to the frame, for example via a swivel arm, the manure slot member, the outflow opening and the covering member being attached to the swiveling arm and the swiveling arm attached to the frame of the tool. This last-mentioned attachment to a pivotal arm is particularly favorable if the tool comprises a plurality of manure slot member, outflow opening and cover member positioned side by side in the direction transverse to the working direction. In that case, the pivot arm allows independent suspension of the assemblies on the frame. Instead of by means of a pivotal arm, the manure slot member assemblies, the outflow opening and the cover member can also be arranged movably on the frame of the tool, for example by means of a parallelogram construction or by means of a leaf spring.
    In a favorable embodiment of the tool according to the invention, the covering member comprises at least one material displacement element which, viewed in the opposite direction to the working direction, extends obliquely towards a surface perpendicular to the bottom surface which runs parallel to the working direction and intersects the outlet opening. With such a material displacement element, material present on the bottom surface in addition to the fertilizer strip is displaced in the direction of operation by the material displacement element in the direction of the fertilizer strip.
    In a further favorable embodiment of the tool according to the invention, the covering member comprises two material displacement elements oriented in a V-shape, wherein the point of the V-shape is directed in the opposite direction of the working direction. In other words, the V-shaped material displacement elements in this embodiment have a spur in the working direction. This configuration makes it possible to move material on the soil surface on either side of the fertilizer strip towards the fertilizer strip by means of a movement of the material displacement elements in the working direction.
    Thanks to the V-shape, the location to which the material is moved can also be determined and a driving effect is obtained. Material with which the manure slot is covered can thus be concentrated on the fertilizer strip, so that an effective application can be obtained.
    In a favorable embodiment of the tool according to the invention, wherein the manure slit member comprises two knife wheels which are oriented in V-shape relative to each other and which are mirror-symmetrical with respect to a central longitudinal plane of the manure slit member, and wherein the covering member comprises two material-displacement elements oriented in V-shape the material displacement elements of the applicator are mirror symmetrical with respect to the central longitudinal plane of the manure slot member.
    In the case where the manure slot member consists of a single knife, in a favorable embodiment the material displacement elements of the applicator are mirror symmetrical with respect to a central longitudinal plane of the manure slot member in which the knife extends. Thus the material present on either side of the manure slot formed by the manure slot member on the bottom surface is displaced by the material displacing elements of the applicator.
    In a favorable embodiment the material displacing element of the covering member is a rotatable wheel. The design of the material displacement element as a rotatable wheel makes it possible for the wheel to rotate in the working direction when the wheel is moved when it comes into contact with the material present on the ground surface next to the fertilizer strip. Thanks to this rotation, the wheel has a loosening effect on the material present on the bottom surface next to the manure strip, so that the movement of the material towards the manure strip is promoted.
    In a favorable embodiment thereof the wheel comprises on its circumference teeth or spokes which extend in radial direction of the wheel. The teeth or spokes promote the engagement of the wheel on the material present next to the manure strip, so that the loosening and displacing action of the wheel is promoted. If the soil is of grassland, the rotating wheel with radial tines ensures a raking effect on the grass material next to the fertilizer strip, with which the grass material can be moved particularly effectively towards the manure slot.
    In a favorable embodiment the teeth are straight teeth. In an alternative favorable embodiment, the teeth are hook-shaped. With hook-shaped teeth a hooking effect is obtained which, in particular with grass material, promotes the engagement of the teeth on the grass material and thereby promotes the loosening and displacing effect on the grass material.
    The teeth may be in the form of a straight hook or a curved hook. Preferably, the free ends of the teeth, when they are in the lower point of the rotational movement, point forward with respect to the working direction.
    Alternatively, the wheel is smooth along the circumference thereof, i.e., not provided with teeth or spokes.
    In a further favorable embodiment the wheel is suspended in suspension. This makes it possible for the wheel to be pressed onto the bottom surface with a bias. This prevents the wheel from being pressed into the soil or being lifted from the soil in the case of variations in the soil surface in such a way that it no longer effectively covers the fertilizer strip with material present next to the fertilizer strip.
    In an alternative embodiment of the tool according to the invention, the material displacing element comprises at least one rake tooth instead of a wheel, preferably a spring-loaded rake tooth. With such a rake tooth, known from rake machines, effective material, and in particular grass material, which is present on the soil surface in addition to the fertilizer strip, can be moved towards the fertilizer strip.
    In a further alternative embodiment of the tool according to the invention, the material displacing element comprises, instead of a wheel, a sliding plate which, upon displacement thereof in the working direction, comes into contact with material present on the ground surface next to the manure strip and along which material during displacement of the plate into the working direction towards the fertilizer strip is moved.
    The present invention is further elucidated hereinbelow on the basis of exemplary embodiments, which are schematically shown in the accompanying figures. These are non-limitative exemplary embodiments. In the figures: figure 1 shows a part of a tool according to the invention in perspective; figure 2 shows a part of a tool according to the invention in top view. figure 3 shows an alternative embodiment of a cover wheel of the tool of figures 1 and 2 in side view; figure 4 shows an alternative embodiment of a cover wheel of the tool of figures 1 and 2 in side view; figures 5a to 5d show a cross-section of a bottom of grassland at different moments when passing the tool of figures 1 and 2; figures 6a to 6c show a cross-section of a bottom of grassland at different moments when passing an alternative embodiment of the implement of figures 1 and 2; figure 7 shows a part of an alternative embodiment of the tool of figures 1 and 2 in top view; figure 8 shows a part of the alternative embodiment of figure 7 in perspective.
    Figures 1 and 2 show a part of a tool 1. The tool 1 comprises a plurality of spaced apart manure slot members 3 which are positioned next to each other and which, in the situation shown, have been partially introduced into the soil 5 of grassland. When the manure slot members 3 are moved along the bottom surface 7 in the direction of arrow A, an upwardly open manure slot 9 is formed in the bottom 5 by means of each manure slot member 3. In the working direction A, behind each manure slot member 3 an outflow funnel 11 of a manure dosing device with an outflow opening positioned above the manure slot 9 on its underside. By means of the manure dosing device, during displacement of the manure slot members 3 along the bottom surface 7 in the working direction A, manure is introduced into the manure slots 9 via the outflow funnels 11.
    The manure slot members 3 are mounted by means of mounting brackets 13 on a common frame (not shown). This frame can be provided with wheels with which the frame can be moved over the bottom surface 7. In that case the frame can be part of a self-driving work vehicle, or can be pulled as a trailer by means of a self-driving work vehicle.
    Alternatively, the frame can be designed without wheels and be adapted to be supported by a work vehicle which then moves the frame and the manure slot members arranged thereon over the bottom surface. Further parts of the manure dosing device are also arranged on the frame, including a manure storage tank and a dosing unit that doses manure from the manure storage tank into the respective outflow funnels 11.
    Each manure slot member 3 comprises two knife wheels 3a and 3b which are positioned in a V-shaped formation relative to each other, with the point of the V-shape, where the knife wheels meet, facing downwards, i.e. towards the bottom 5 is oriented. In the situation shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the part of the manure slot member 3 where the two knife wheels 3a, 3b meet is brought into the bottom 5, so that when the manure slot member 3 is advanced in the working direction, arrow A becomes a V-shaped manure slot 9 which is open upwards. As shown in Figure 2, the knife wheels 3a, 3b of each manure slot member are mirror symmetrical with respect to a central longitudinal plane 15.
    During the manure slit member 3 moving in the working direction A over the bottom surface 7, manure 17 is dosed into the outflow funnels 11 by means of a dosing unit of the manure dosing device (not shown). This manure flows via the outflow funnel 11 into the manure slot 9, so that manure is introduced into the manure slot.
    The manure slot member 3 and the outflow funnel 11 are arranged on a pivotal arm 19. In particular, the knife wheels 3a, 3b are rotatably arranged around a respective axis of rotation 21a, 21b on the pivotal arm 19. The pivotal arm 19 is rotatably connected around the axis of rotation 23 to the mounting bracket 13, so that the knife wheels 3a, 3b, and the outflow funnel 11 can be moved around the axis of rotation 23 relative to the mounting bracket 13 and relative to the frame on which the mounting bracket 13 is mounted. A helical spring 25 and a chain 27 are arranged at a distance from the axis of rotation 23 between the swiveling arm 19 and the mounting bracket 13. The helical spring 25 exerts a compressive force on the pivotal arm 19 in the direction of the bottom surface 7, so that the pivotal arm 19 is forced around the axis of rotation 23 in the direction of arrow B. The chain 27 limits movement of the pivotal arm 19 about the axis of rotation 23. Thus, for each manure slit member 3 and associated outflow funnel 11, a spring-mounted, independent suspension is provided.
    Viewed in working direction A behind the outflow funnel 11, at the end of each swiveling arm 19 a covering member 29 is suspended by means of a spring 31. The covering member is formed by two feeding wheels 29a, 29b which are rotatably mounted around a respective axis of rotation 33a, 33b. on the spring 31. The feed wheels 29a, 29b are oriented in V-shape, the point of the V-shape as shown in figure 2 being directed in the direction of arrow C, against the working direction A. The feed wheels 29a, 29b are mirror symmetrical with respect to the central longitudinal surface 15 of the slurry slot member 3.
    The feed wheels 29a, 29b have straight teeth 35 at the circumference thereof which extend in the radial direction of the wheel.
    In the situation shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the manure slot wheels 3a, 3b are partially introduced into the bottom 5. The feed wheels 29a, 29b are in contact with the bottom surface 7 and are moved against the action of spring 31 when the manure wheels 3a, 3b are introduced into the bottom 7, so that the feed wheels 29a, 29b are under the influence of a spring loaded by the spring. 31 are in contact with the bottom surface 7 under bias.
    When the frame is moved in the working direction A, the manure wheels 3a, 3b, outflow funnels 11 and feed wheels 29a, 29b arranged thereon by means of the carrying arms are jointly moved in the working direction A. Manure slots 9 are formed in the soil 5 by means of the manure slot wheels 3a, 3b, and manure is introduced into the manure slots 9 via the outflow funnels 11. Because the feed wheels 29a, 29b with their teeth 35 are in contact with the bottom surface 5 and with grass material 37 present on the bottom surface 5, the feed wheels 29a, 29b rotate when the frame is moved in the working direction A in the direction of arrow D. The teeth 35 of the two application wheels 29a, 29b of each application member 29 thereby engage the grass material 37 that is present on the bottom surface next to the manure-filled manure slot 9, and rake grass material 37 towards the manure slot 9 in the direction of arrows E. As a result, each manure slot 9 and the manure 17 introduced therein are covered by the two application wheels 29a, 29b of the associated application member 29 with grass material 37 which is present on the bottom surface 7 next to the manure slot 9. The tines 35 here have a loosening and displacing effect on the grass material 37.
    Figures 3 and 4 show two alternative embodiments of the application wheels 29a, 29b of Figures 1 and 2. In Figures 3 and 4 only one of the two application wheels is shown. In contrast to the cover wheels 29a, 29b, the cover wheel 129 as shown in Figure 3 does not have straight teeth 35, but teeth 135 with a hook shape, in particular the teeth 135 form a straight hook. Unlike the cover wheels 29a, 29b, the cover wheel 229 as shown in Figure 4 does not have straight teeth 35, but teeth 235 with a hook shape, in particular the teeth 235 form a curved hook. It is shown by arrow A in figures 3 and 4 that mounted on the tool 1 of figures 1 and 2 the free ends 135a, 235a of the teeth 135, 235 when they are in the lower point of the rotational movement in the direction of arrow D with respect to the working direction A. Alternatively, the coating wheels may alternatively not be provided with edges, but may be smooth along the periphery thereof.
    Figure 5A shows a cross section of a grassland bottom with grass material 37 present on the bottom surface 7. Figure 5B shows the cross section of the bottom of Figure 5A after the cutter wheels 3a, 3b of the implement of Figure 1 have passed. As shown, a V-shaped manure slot 9 is formed by means of the blade wheels 3a and 3b and is open upwards. As shown, the grass material 37 present next to the manure slot 9 on the bottom surface is moved away from the manure slot 9 by the blade wheels 3a, 3b relative to the central longitudinal plane 15 of the pair of blade wheels 3a and 3b. In figure 5C the manure slot 9 of figure 5B is shown after the outflow funnel 11 has passed. As shown, the manure slot 9 is filled with manure 17. The grass material 37 moved aside when forming the manure slot 9 forms an upwardly open funnel. In Figure 5D the filled manure slot 9 is shown after the applicator 29 has passed. As shown, the manure-filled manure slot 9 is covered with grass material 37 which is present on the bottom surface next to the manure slot 9 and which was previously moved aside from the manure slot 9 by the blade wheels 3a, 3b. With respect to the situation as shown in Fig. 5C, the grass material 37 present on the bottom surface next to the manure slot 9 which formed an upwardly open funnel towards the manure slot 9 in the direction of arrows G in order to cover the manure slot 9 and thus closing the funnel.
    Figures 6A to 6C show the application of a manure strip 117 to the bottom surface 7 of grassland with an alternative embodiment of the implement of figures 1 and 2, wherein a towing foot is provided instead of knife wheels 3a and 3b. Figure 6A shows a cross-section of a grassland bottom with grass material 37 present on the bottom surface 7. Figure 6B shows the cross-section of the bottom of Figure 6A after a towing foot of a towing foot manure has been passed. As shown, by means of the towing foot, a funnel-shaped manure slot 109 is formed in the grass material 37 which is open upwards. As shown, the funnel-shaped manure slot 109 is formed in that the grass material 37 present on the bottom surface has been moved sideways by the towing foot in the direction of arrows H. As shown, in the manure slot 109 there is a manure strip 117 on the bottom surface. The grass material 37 moved sideways when forming the manure slot 109 forms an upwardly open funnel. In figure 6C the manure strip 117 is shown after the covering member 29 has passed. As shown, the manure strip 117 is covered with the grass material 37 which is present on the bottom surface 7 next to the manure strip 117 and which was previously moved aside by the towing foot. With respect to the situation as shown in Fig. 6B, the grass material 37 present on the bottom surface 7 next to the manure strip 117, which formed an upwardly open funnel towards the manure strip 9, has been raked in the direction of arrows I in order to cover the manure strip 117 and thus close the funnel.
    Figs. 7 and 8 show an alternative embodiment of the applicator 29 with two applicator wheels 29a, 29b of the tool of Figs. 1 and 2. In the embodiment of Figs. 7 and 8 considered in working direction A behind the outflow funnel 11 for each pair of knife wheels 3a and 3b provide a cover member 329 with two sliding plates 329a and 329b which are oriented in V-shape, wherein the point of the V-shape as shown in figure 7 is directed in the direction of arrow C, against the working direction A. The sliding plates 329a, 329b are mirror symmetrical with respect to the central longitudinal plane 15 of the respective pair of knife wheels 3a and 3b. In the embodiment shown, the two sliding plates 329a, 329b are associated with a respective pair of knife wheels 3a, 3b, each mounted on a respective support arm 330a, 330b. The carrying arms 330a, 330b are situated on opposite sides of the respective pair of knife wheels 3a, 3b. The carrying arms 330a and 330b are resiliently suspended or themselves serve as a spring so that the sliding plates 329a, 329b are under bias in contact with the grass material present on the bottom surface 7. In addition to one of the two sliding plates of a first pair of knife wheels 3a, 3b, each carrying arm 330a and 330b also carries one of the two sliding plates of a second adjacent pair of knife wheels 3a, 3b. As schematically shown in Fig. 7, when the frame is moved in the working direction A, the manure wheels 3a, 3b, outflow funnels 11 and sliding plates 329a, 329b arranged thereon are moved together in the working direction A. Manure slots 9 are formed in the soil 5 by means of the manure slot wheels 3a, 3b, and manure is introduced into the manure slots 9 via the outflow funnels 11. The sliding plates 329a, 329b engage the grass material 37 that is present on the ground surface next to the manure-filled manure slot 9 and push the grass material 37 towards the manure slot 9 in the direction of arrows E. Thus, the manure-filled manure slot 9 becomes covered with grass material 37 which is present on the bottom surface next to the manure-filled manure slot 9 and which is folded over the manure slot 9, as it were, by means of the sliding plates 329a, 329b.
    In Figs. 1 and 2, the tool is shown as a slurry injector with which a slurry slit is formed with the aid of two knife wheels oriented in relation to each other in V-shape. Alternatively, the tool is a slit coulter injector, whereby a slurry slit is formed in the soil by means of a coulter into which manure is subsequently introduced. The coulter then replaces the V-shaped knife wheels with respect to each other. It is also possible that the tool is a towing foot fertilizer, as described with reference to Figures 6A to 6C, wherein a so-called towing foot is pulled through material present on the bottom surface, such as grass, so that a strip of bottom surface is cleared, and a strip of manure is applied to the exposed soil surface. A towing foot then replaces the V-shaped knife wheels with respect to each other.
    In Figures 1 and 2, the applicator has two V-shape oriented applicator wheels as material displacement elements. Instead of a cover wheel as material displacement element, a differently shaped material displacement element can also be used, such as one or more rake tooth (s), preferably (a) spring rake tooth (s), or a sliding plate, as shown in figures 7 and 8. Instead of two material displacement elements oriented in V-shape, one of the two material displacement elements may be missing, and there is thus only one material displacement element per obliquely positioned relative to the working direction.
    Figures 1 and 2 show a tool in which, in each case, two feed wheels 29a, 29b of a feed member are arranged behind an outflow funnel at one end of a swiveling arm. The cover wheels can also be arranged on the frame of the tool, for example by means of its own swivel arm. This swiveling arm can for instance be positioned between two adjacent swiveling arms to which the knife wheels and outflow openings are arranged. In that case, in each case, two adjoining application wheels of two adjoining positioning members can be arranged jointly on a pivot arm, wherein these two application wheels are then oriented in a V-shape relative to each other, the point of the V-shape being in the working direction focused, in different terms, wherein in each case two adjoining application wheels of two adjoining application members are accented in the working direction.
    The present invention is not limited to the preferred embodiments described above. The rights sought are defined by the following claims, within the scope of which many modifications can be envisaged.
    权利要求:
    Claims (25)
    [1]
    Conclusions
    A method for fertilizing a soil, comprising - placing a strip of manure on or in the soil, characterized by - covering the fertilizer strip with material present on the soil surface next to the fertilizer strip.
    [2]
    Method according to claim 1, wherein - the material present on the bottom surface in addition to the fertilizer strip is crop material, preferably rooted crop material.
    [3]
    Method according to claim 2, wherein - the soil to be fertilized is grassland and crop material present on the soil surface next to the fertilizer strip on the soil surface is grass material that is raked or pushed over the fertilizer slot in order to cover the fertilizer strip, preferably rooted grass material .
    [4]
    Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein - the manure strip is brought onto or into the soil via an outflow opening of a manure dosing device, which outflow opening is moved along the bottom surface in a working direction; and - the manure slot is covered with material present on the bottom surface next to the manure strip by means of a covering member which is positioned behind the outflow opening in the working direction of the outflow opening; and - the outflow opening and the covering member are jointly moved along the bottom surface in the working direction.
    [5]
    A method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein - a manure slot is formed prior to the introduction of a strip of manure into or on the soil; and - the manure strip is formed by introducing manure into the manure slot.
    [6]
    Method according to claim 5, wherein - the manure slot is formed in the soil.
    [7]
    Method according to claims 4, 5 and 6, wherein - the manure slot is formed by introducing a manure slot member into the soil and moving this manure slot member into the working direction along the bottom surface while it has been introduced into the soil; and - the manure is introduced into the manure slot via the outflow opening of the manure dosing device, the outflow opening being positioned behind the manure slot member in the working direction; and the manure slot member, the outflow opening, and the covering member are jointly moved along the bottom surface in the working direction.
    [8]
    A method according to claim 5, wherein - the manure slot is formed in material present on the bottom surface such that the bottom surface forms the bottom of the manure slot, and the manure in the manure slot is brought onto the bottom surface.
    [9]
    9. Method according to claim 4, 5 and 8, wherein - the manure slot is formed by bringing a manure slot member in material present on the bottom surface above the bottom surface and bringing this manure slot member into the material present on the bottom surface along the bottom surface. move in the working direction; and - the manure is introduced into the manure slot via the outflow opening of the manure dosing device, the outflow opening being positioned behind the manure slot member in the working direction; and the manure slot member, the outflow opening, and the covering member are jointly moved along the bottom surface in the working direction.
    [10]
    Method according to one of claims 1 to 9, wherein - material present in addition to the manure slot is raked over the manure slot in order to cover the manure slot, wherein crop material present on the soil surface next to the manure slot is raked over the manure slot to cover the manure slot.
    [11]
    11. Tool for introducing manure into or onto the soil, comprising - a frame to be moved along the bottom surface; - an outflow opening of a manure dosing device arranged on the frame for placing a strip of manure on or in the soil when the frame is displaced in a working direction; characterized by - a covering member positioned behind the outflow opening, viewed in the working direction, which device is adapted to move material present on the soil surface next to the manure strip in the direction of the manure strip.
    [12]
    The tool of claim 11, further comprising - a manure slot member positioned in the working direction in front of the outflow opening for forming a manure slot; wherein - the outflow opening is adapted to introduce manure into the manure slot; and - the covering member is adapted to move material which is present on the bottom surface next to the manure slot in the direction of the manure slot.
    [13]
    Tool as claimed in claim 12, wherein - the manure slot member is adapted to be introduced into the soil in order to form the manure slot in the soil.
    [14]
    14. Tool as claimed in claim 13, wherein - the manure slot member comprises two knife wheels which are oriented relative to each other in V-shape, which can be brought into the ground with the tip of the V-shape, and a V-shaped on displacement along the bottom surface form a manure slot in the soil.
    [15]
    Tool as claimed in claim 12, wherein - the manure slot member is adapted to form the manure slot in the material present on the bottom surface, such that the bottom surface forms the bottom of the manure slot.
    [16]
    A tool according to any one of claims 11 to 15, wherein - the manure slot member, the outflow opening and the cover member are arranged on the frame so that when the frame is moved along the bottom surface, the manure slot member, the outflow opening and the application member together be moved around the bottom surface.
    [17]
    A tool according to any one of claims 11 to 16, wherein - the covering member comprises at least one material displacement element which, viewed in the opposite direction to the working direction, is inclined towards a plane perpendicular to the bottom surface which runs parallel to the working direction and which intersects the outflow opening.
    [18]
    A tool according to any one of claims 11 to 17, wherein - the covering member comprises two material displacement elements oriented in V-shape, wherein the tip of the V-shape faces the working direction.
    [19]
    Tool as claimed in claims 14 and 18, wherein - the knife wheels are mirror symmetrical with respect to a central longitudinal surface of the manure slot member; and - the material displacement elements of the applicator are mirror symmetrical with respect to the central longitudinal surface of the manure slot member.
    [20]
    The tool of claim one of claims 17 to 19, wherein - the material displacement element of the applicator is a rotatable wheel.
    [21]
    Tool as claimed in claim 20, wherein - the wheel at its circumference comprises teeth extending in radial direction of the wheel.
    [22]
    The tool of claim 21, wherein - the teeth are straight teeth.
    [23]
    Tool as claimed in claim 21, wherein - the teeth are hook-shaped, wherein preferably the free ends of the teeth when they are located in the lower point of the rotational movement are directed forward with respect to the working direction.
    [24]
    The tool of claim one of claims 17 to 19, wherein - the material displacement element of the applicator comprises at least one rake tooth, preferably a spring rake tooth.
    [25]
    The tool of claim one of claims 17 to 19, wherein - the material displacement element of the applicator comprises at least one shelter plate.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    BE1023587A1|2017-05-10|
    NL2017740B1|2017-05-29|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    NL2015743|2015-11-06|
    NL2015743|2015-11-06|
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